CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
Industrial rising of farm animal indoors under conditions of extremely restricted mobility is commonly known as factory farming. It is done as part of industrial agriculture which is set as a method that changes as laws and technology change. Industrial agriculture which is designed to produce the highest output at the lowest cost, using economics of scale, modern machinery, modern medicine, and global trade for financing, purchasing and sales. The economic growth of industrial agriculture crucially depends on the long-term availability of energy from sources that are affordable, accessible, and environmentally friendly. Security, climate change, and public health are closely interrelated with energy. On the other hand, Energy is an important factor in all the sectors of any country’s economy. The standard of living of a given country can be directly related to the per capita energy consumption. The recent world’s energy crisis is due to two reasons: the rapid population growth and the increase in the living standard of whole societies. Energy supports the provision of basic needs such as cooked food, a comfortable living temperature, lighting, the use of appliances, piped water or sewerage, essential health care (refrigerated vaccines, emergency, and intensive care), educational aids, communication (radio, television, electronic mail, the World Wide Web), and transport. Nigeria is Africa’s energy giant [Oyedepo, 2012]. It is the continent’s most prolific oil-producing country, which, along with Libya, accounts for two-thirds of Africa’s crude oil reserves. It ranks second to Algeria in natural gas. Most of Africa’s bitumen and lignite reserves are found in Nigeria. In its mix of conventional energy reserves, Nigeria is simply unmatched by any other country on the African continent. It is not surprising therefore that energy export is the mainstay of the Nigerian economy. Also, primary energy resources dominate the nation’s industrial raw material endowment.
Several energy resources are available in Nigeria in abundant proportions. The sun is considered the best alternative source of energy because;
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