CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
( ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC PROJECT TOPIC)
The information and communication technology (ICT) systems consume up to 10% of the world‟s energy accounting for about 2% of global emissions(Marsan et al., 2009). The telecommunications network is one of the main energy consumer of the information and communication technology sector(Yigitel et al., 2014). About 37% of the total emissionsfrom ICT devices and systems are due to the telecommunication infrastructure and devices (Oh and Krishnamachari, 2010), where about a tenth of the estimate is due to cellularmobile communication networks (Son et al., 2013). This accounts for about 0.2% of the global emissions and 1% of the world energy consumption(Richter et al., 2009). The mobile cellular communications sector alone consumes approximately 60 billion kWh per year(Dufková et al., 2010).Correspondingly, energy consumption as well as footprint of mobile cellular networks are increasing at an alarming rate due to the exponential growth in mobile data traffic (Wu et al., 2015). A projection showing the exponential growth in global mobile data trafficis illustrated in Figure 1.1(“Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update, 2012-2017,” 2013)…..
( ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC PROJECT TOPIC)
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