IMPACT OF PLANNING AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ON THE GROWTH OF SMALL SCALE BUSINESS IN AKWA IBOM STATE A CASE STUDY OF NIGEIRAN BOTTLING COMPANY PLC, UYO
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
There has been a popular maxim that says if you fail to plan, you are planning to fail. It has been observed that many organizations have been failing in their operations due to lack of planning and strategic management. Planning involves deciding today what will happen in the future, planning precede all other managerial functions. When talking about strategy, it refers to the goals and objectives of a business organization. A strategic management provides all direction to the enterprise and involves the organization’s objectives, developing policies and plan designed to achieve these objectives and the allocating resources. It deals with the long term survival and existence of the business. This simply means that without thinking strategically and acting strategically, business may not be able to survive achieve its goals. Strategic planning is a managerial process of developing and maintaining a match between the resources of an organization and its market opportunities.
In the study of strategic management on the growth of small and medium scale business conducted Milider (2000) it was revealed that strategic management is not a set procedures for top managers not it is a specialized function for high level of staff but a set of skill and a way of thinking through the overall mission of a business that is asking the question, what is our business? This leads to decisions for tomorrow’s result. K. O. Donnel (2002) concluded that before any business can be strategize, it must be through planning. By this they said that basic need for planning in every business organization is to predict future event and equally prepare for unforeseen contingencies.
Generally however, managers and business owners are aware of the determining nature and effect of lack of planning and strategic management system of the present society and they work out modalities on how to manipulate planning and strategic management on their business so as to achieve their set goals and objectives of the organization.
Planning includes the process of forecasting, formulating policies, objectives, programming, scheduling, procedural and budget of activities and events which will enable the management in achieving the overall goal of an undertaking. T. Lucey (2006) says it is the establishment of objectives and the formulation, evaluation and selection of the policies, strategies lactic and action required to achieve these objectives. Planning comprises long term/strategic planning and short-term operational planning.
Basically, strategic management is a continuous process of strategic analysis, monitoring, used by organization with the energy of firm functional areas into one focused effort to achieve superior performance. It is usually done through many steps. In essence, it answers the following questions:
Strategic management is not all about predicting the future but about preparing for it and knowing exact steps the company will have to take to implement its strategic plan and achieve a competitive advantage.
The high rate of business failure in Nigeria by managers and business owners has constituted a serious problem and has become a course for concern for most of them to think critically on how to boost their businesses and also to be able to survive in the competitive world of business. Inadequate planning and strategic management systems has been the cause for most business failure. Since planning and strategic management is seen as a sine-qua-non to every organization that seek to capture the lion share of the market, its limitation also need to be appreciate because it is ironically on the most criticized concept. The critics stem from the fact that the organization has failed to realized or take cognizance of the pivoted role of the planning and strategic management which of course is the growth of small and medium scale business in Akwa Ibom State. Most of the business organization who failed to apply planning and strategic system in their business cannot survive in the business environment.
The purpose of this is to examine impact of planning and strategic management on the growth of small and medium scale business in Akwa Ibom State, specifically the study is conducted to achieve the following objectives:
In order to have a successful study, the following research questions were developed, as guide.
The following are the research hypothesis formulated to guide the study. The null hypotheses (Ho) and the alternative hypothesis (Hi) are stated thus:
HI: There is significant impact between planning and strategic management system on the growth of small and medium scale business.
HI: There is impact of lack of planning and strategies to the backwardness of the organization’s business
This research work will help to inspire and liberate managers mind on conducting a proper planning and strategies that will help on the growth of small and medium scale business in Akwa Ibom State and with this, it will help to remedy the poor management of businesses by their owners and managers. This awareness therefore has encouraged the researcher to venture into the field with the hope that her findings and recommendations will be useful to business starters, management of already existing business to the researcher, to students and to the society at large.
This research work aims at understanding planning and strategic management on the growth of small and medium scale business in Akwa Ibom State. The study is delimited to coca cola Bottling Company Uyo, Akwa Ibom State. The company is situated at No 298 Abak Road Opposite mechanic village,Uyo with other depots outside Uyo metropolis.
In the process of conducting this research, the researcher was faced with the following limitations;
Planning: This means the process of forecasting, formulating policies, objectives, programming, scheduling, procedural and budget of activities and events which will enable the management in achieving the overall goal of undertaking.
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