CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Prison is a place used for confinement of convicted criminals. Aside from the death penalty a sentence to prison is the harvest punishment imposed on criminals.
Prisons are designed to house people who have broken the law and to move them from free society. In mates are locked away for a set period of time and have very limited freedom during their incarceration.
Confinement in prison, also known as a correctional facility, is the punishment that courts most commonly impose for serious crimes, such as felonies for lesser crimes, courts usually Impose short-term incarceration in a jail, detention center, or similar facility.
Confining criminals for long period of time as the primary form of punishment is a relatively new concept. Throughout history, various countries have imprisoned criminal offenders, but imprisonment was usually reserved for pre detention or punishment of petty criminals with a short term of confinement.
Using long-term imprisonment as the primary punishment for convicted criminals began in the United States. In the late eighteenth century, the nonviolent quarters in Pennsylvania proposed long term confinement as an alternative to capital punishment. The Quakers stressed solitude, silence, rehabilitation, hard work, and religious faith. was originally intended not only as a punishment but an opportunity for renewal through religion.
Modern prisons often hold hundreds or thousands of inmates, and must have facilities onsite to meet most of their needs, including dietary.
TYPES OF PRISONS
THE CASE TYPES AND OFFENCES IN RESPECT TO PRISON TYPES.
CAPACITY OF SOME NIGERIAN PRISONS
1. Maiduguri 1600
2. Yola 500
3. Gombe 379
4. kaduna convict prison 889
5. Kano central prison 690
6. Katsina central prison 237
7. Benin 240
8. Sokoto central prison 576
9. Zamfara medium security 406
10. Makurdi 1149
11. Keffi 160
12. Ilorin 121
13. Kuje 560
14. Minna 149
15. Okene 160
16. Borstal prison Kaduna 208
17. Jalingo 250
1.1 PROJECT DEFINITION
Medium security prisons are for offenders with lower security concerns. These institutions limit inmate activities but also encourage inmates to participate in various programs to address their needs. Significant controls over inmate activities and privileges are in place. The most common use of prisons is as part of a criminal justice system, in which individuals officially charged with or convicted of crimes are confined to a jail or prison until they either brought to trial to determine their guilt or complete the period of incarceration they trial, outside of their use for punishing civil crimes, authoritarian regimes also frequently use prisons and jails as tools of political repression to punish political crimes, often without trial or other legal due process; this use is illegal under most forms of international law governing fair administration of justice. In times of war or conflict, prisoners of war may also be detained in military prisons or prisoner of war camps, and large groups of civilians might be imprisoned in internment camps.
The medium security prisons are the standard facilities used to house most criminals. They feature cage-style housing, armed guards, and a much more regimented daily routine than minimum security.
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