ABSTRACT

The project was focused on the execution of route surveying for the purpose of road reconstruction from Oriawo along Ogbomosho road, Oyo to School of Science, Sabo Oyo Town. Stations were selected along the existing route at regular intervals as in the specifications

Theodolite traverse was run over stations, while levels were observed along the longitudinal and cross-sections of the traverse lines. All data were gathered with effective orientation from the controls, these were used to produce the plans (with appropriate scale) showing horizontal alignment, profile and cross-sections. 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

Engineering Surveying is one of the branches of surveying which from the general express for any survey work carried out in connection with construction engineering and building project, it is a large scale topographical map survey which the basis for design of engineering works such as highways, railways, canals, tunnels, dams, pipelines and transmission lines.

In the word of engineering and environmental studies, surveying has been recognized as the inevitable operation been described as be the bedrock of every meaningful development. The greater part of its responsibility is seen from the various types of surveying which are all geared toward promoting route ways, convenience, accessibility and spatial declination of both natural and social environment. In addition, surveying means the activities of planning, designing, constructions, development and rehabilitation of roads, depending on the survey data required by the surveyor.

Route survey which is an aspect of engineering survey may be defined as the survey operation that is done for the establishment of the horizontal and vertical alignment of transportation facilities. It involved: planning, design and setting out of any route such as railways, highways, pipelines and canals etc. as obtained by a surveyor and it also involved the proper assessment of natural and man-made features. 

            In addition, this type of survey should be applied when there is need for alignment, expansion, or rehabilitation at any existing route (road) e.g. for traffic purposes. The reason is that route survey provides a plan/map that shows the alignment, details, profile and cross sectional leveling which depicts the nature of the terrain of a given strip of land which serves the purpose of location, design and construction of route networks.

            Good road network is one of the basic amenities needed by human being as movement is one of the characteristics of living things. There are needs for people to move from one place to the other and transportation of goods and services. Therefore for any meaningful development in a country, good road is a must.

1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

            It was discovered that the route from Oriawo along Ogbomosho road, Oyo to School of Science, Sabo Oyo Town Area, had been badly eroded and full of potholes; also, the road is found to be too narrow and needed to be extended considering the volume of traffic plying the road. Rehabilitation of this road should be carried out in other to increase its carrying capacity thereby increase the physical development and human activities therein. Due to these, certain information about the road must be acquired which calls for route survey so as to get the baseline data necessary for the road design.

1.3.0 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1.3.1 AIM

The main aims of this project are as follows:

• To carry out route survey of the road in the project area for the purpose of acquitting students with the techniques involved in route survey .i.e. to test the abilities of students on how to plan, execute and to produce plans, charts or maps showing a proposed road for future development in a given area.

(ii)         To acquire necessary data required for the engineering design of the road.

(iii)        To produce both horizontal and vertical alignment plans of the route survey running from Oriawo along Ogbomosho road, Oyo to School of Science, Sabo Oyo Town. Atiba local govt. area.

(iv)  To serve as a requisite for the award of National Diploma in Surveying and Geo-informatics at Federal School of Surveying, Oyo, Oyo-State.

1.3.2 OBJECTIVES

In actualization of the said aim of the project, the following objectives

Were followed sequentially:

• Reconnaissance which include office planning and field reconnaissance.
• Identification of existing features and adjoining roads.
• Stability of the ground controls to be use for orientation.
• Determination of centre line and marking of chainages along the centre line at an interval of 30m.
• Marking out some selected points for the cross-sectioning at 7.5m and 15m intervals to the right and left on the profile and also the edges of drainage was marked.
• Tertiary theodolite traverse to determine the reallocation and orientation of the road way.
• Leveling to determine the height of some selected points along the road.
• Detailing by the use of a total station (Leica TC600).
• Plan production (graphical representation of the surveyed road way) drawn with appropriate scale.
• Reports write up.