ABSTRACT
Since ages, many plants have been used for preservative and medicinal purposes due to the presence of secondary metabolites referred as Phytochemicals. Phytochemicals are biologically active plant compounds having disease hampering capabilities and preservative action. The genus Ocimumcontains more than 200 species of herbs and shrubs which have been shown to have medicinal properties and also are used as a culinary herb, preservative and flavoring agents. In this study chloroform extracts from the leaves of Ocimumgratissimum was investigated for their phytochemical constituent (both quantitative and qualitative) and antioxidant activity. GCMS analysis was carried out to ascertain the specific amount and specific active component present in the leaf sample. The extract was screened for the presence of phenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, and Saponins. The test results were positive for all the phytochemicals,saponin and phytosterols which were absent qualitatively. The antioxidant activity was measured by the ferric reducing power assay, estimation of total flavonoids, saponins, tannins and phenols. The GC-MS analysis of the leaf sample suggested the presence ofthymol, alpha-carophyllene, phenol etc. The present investigation suggests that the phytochemical contents and antioxidant properties can be further studied for its application in health and in food industries. In addition, this plant can be used as a source of novel drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.1OcimumGratissimum
1.2 Phytochemical
1.3 Classes of phytochemicals
1.3.1 Alkaloids
1.3.2 Flavonoids
1.3.3 Saponin
1.3.4 Tannin
1.3.5 Terpenes
1.3.6 Phenolics
1.4 Mechanism of action of phytochemicals
1.4.1 Anti- oxidant
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 MATERIALS AND METHOD
2.1 Plant material collection and identification
2.2 Apparatus used
2.3 Chemicals and reagents
2.4 Preparation of plant extract
2.5 Qualitative phytochemical screening
2.5.1 Test for Alkaloids(Wagner’s test)
2.5.2 Test for Saponin (Froth test)
2.5.3 Test for Tannin
2.5.4 Test for Flavonoids
2.5.5 Test for Phytosterols
2.5.6 Test for Phenols
2.6 Quantitative analysis and Anti-oxidant activity of O.gratissimum
2.6.1 Estimation of total flavonoids
2.6.1.1 Preparation of sample
2.6.1.2Preparation of quercetinstandard calibration curve
2.6.2 Determination of tannins concentration
2.6.2.1Preparation of sample
2.6.2.2Preparation of tannic acid standard calibration curve
2.6.3 Determination of total Phenol content
2.6.3.1Preparation of sample
2.6.3.2Preparation of gallic acid standard
2.6.4 Determination of Saponin concentration
2.6.5 Determination of Alkaloid concentration
2.6.6 Ferric Reducing Power Assay
2.8 Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 RESULTS
3.1 Qualitative phytochemical screening of O.gratissimum
3.2 Quantitative/anti-oxidant analysis of O. Gratissimum
3.2.1 Total flavonoid content
3.2.2 Total tannin content
3.2.3 Total Phenol content
3.2.4 Total saponin content
3.2.5 Total alkaloid content
3.1.3 Reducing power assay
3.2 GC-MS analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Discussion, conclusion and recommendation
4.1 Discussion
4.2 Conclusion
4.3 Recommendation
REFERENCES
Terms of Use: This is an academic paper. Students should NOT copy our materials word to word, as we DO NOT encourage Plagiarism. Only use as a guide in developing your original research work. Thanks.
Disclaimer: All undertaking works, records, and reports posted on this website, eprojectguide.com are the property/copyright of their individual proprietors. They are for research reference/direction purposes and the works are publicly supported. Do not present another person’s work as your own to maintain a strategic distance from counterfeiting its results. Use it as a guide and not duplicate the work in exactly the same words (verbatim). eprojectguide.com is a vault of exploration works simply like academia.edu, researchgate.net, scribd.com, docsity.com, course hero, and numerous different stages where clients transfer works. The paid membership on eprojectguide.com is a method by which the site is kept up to help Open Education. In the event that you see your work posted here, and you need it to be eliminated/credited, it would be ideal if you call us on +2348064699975 or send us a mail along with the web address linked to the work, to eprojectguide@gmail.com. We will answer to and honor each solicitation. Kindly note notification it might take up to 24 – 48 hours to handle your solicitation.